Vaccine

A preparation obtained from live attenuated microbial strains or dead microbial cultures, their toxins or antigens, intended for active immunization of humans and animals. There are several ways of vaccine production: 1) adsorbed vaccine – a vaccine whose antigens are adsorbed onto substances that enhance or prolong antigenic stimulation; 2) antirabies vaccine (v. antirabicum, Latin rabies – rabies) is made from fixed rabies virus in animal brain suspensions or tissue cultures, used for individuals bitten by rabid animals; 3) combination (associated) vaccine (v. associatum, synonyms: combined vaccine, complex vaccine, polyvaccine) composed of several different types of vaccines, designed to immunize against multiple infectious diseases at once; 4) live vaccine (v. vivum) contains live strains of a pathogenic microorganism attenuated to a level that does not cause disease; 5) polyvalent vaccine (v. polivalens) made from several variants of the same infectious disease-causing agent; 6) inactivated vaccine (v. inactivatum) made from dead microorganisms affected by physical or chemical factors; 7) phenolized vaccine (v. phenolatum) made from microorganisms inactivated by phenol; 8) chemical vaccine (v. chemicum) composed of specific microbial antigens obtained without bulky components; 9) formalized vaccine (v. formalinatum, synonym – formal vaccine) obtained from microorganisms inactivated by formalin; 10) embryonic vaccine (v. embryonale) made from viruses or rickettsiae grown on bird embryos; 11) etherized vaccine (v. aetherisatum) made from microorganisms inactivated by ether.

Source | Glossary of Most Commonly Used Biomedical Terms and Concepts | Lithuanian University of Health Sciences | Academician Professor Antanas Praškevičius, Professor Laima Ivanovienė