Thrombocytopenia

Decrease in platelet count in the blood. Platelets are colorless blood cells necessary for blood clotting. They stop bleeding by forming a clot at the site of blood vessel injury. A slight change in platelet count may not cause any symptoms, but a significant decrease in platelet count can result in serious bleeding. Thrombocytopenia is most commonly a consequence of another disease or disorder. For example, in leukemia, platelet formation in the bone marrow is disrupted, and immune system disorders can cause platelet destruction. When the platelet count in the blood decreases, clotting is impaired. This can quickly lead to bruises, possible purplish-red spots on the skin due to superficial bleeding (usually in the lower part of the legs), prolonged bleeding from injuries, frequent nosebleeds, and heavy bleeding during menstruation. Blood may appear in the urine or stool.

Source | Glossary of Most Commonly Used Biomedical Terms and Concepts | Lithuanian University of Health Sciences | Academician Professor Antanas Praškevičius, Professor Laima Ivanovienė