Insulin

It is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the pancreatic b cells. Insulin regulates the concentration of glucose in the blood by increasing the permeability of muscle and adipose tissue cells to glucose. Glycogen is synthesized from glucose in the liver and muscles, in addition, insulin inhibits the synthesis of glucose from other substances (lactic acid, amino acids, glycerol) in the liver. When there is a lack of insulin (due to insufficient production in the pancreas or impaired glucose transport from the blood to cells), a disease called diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus) begins.

Source | Glossary of Most Commonly Used Biomedical Terms and Concepts | Lithuanian University of Health Sciences | Academician Professor Antanas Praškevičius, Professor Laima Ivanovienė