Salmeterolum
Description
Selective, long-acting β2 adrenergic agonist that expands the bronchi.
Indications
- Bronchial asthma
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Contraindications
- Increased sensitivity to any component of the drug
Dosage
Adults:
- Inhalation: Usual dose is 50 μg twice a day; if necessary, 100 μg twice a day
Children:
- Inhalation (older than 4 years): Usual dose is 50 μg twice a day
Elderly:
- Same as for adults
Renal impairment:
- Dose reduction is unnecessary
Adverse Reactions
Most common:
- Increased heart rate
- Paradoxical bronchospasm
- Skeletal muscle tremor
Others:
- Headache
- Palpitations
- Arthralgia
- Allergic reactions (angioedema, urticaria)
Pregnancy
Insufficient data exists on the safety of salmeterol during pregnancy. Animal studies have not shown direct or indirect harmful effects on reproduction, except for evidence of harmful effects on the fetus when the drug is used in very high doses. Yet, it is considered acceptable for pregnant women for whom moderate doses of inhaled glucocorticoids are ineffective.
Breastfeeding
Insufficient data exists on the effects of salmeterol on breastfed infants. Animal studies indicate that salmeterol is excreted in animal milk. The risk to the breastfed infant cannot be ruled out. Considering the benefits of breastfeeding for the infant and the benefits of treatment for the mother, decide whether to discontinue breastfeeding or to discontinue/abstain from treatment.
Warnings
Use with caution in thyrotoxicosis, severe hypertension, severe cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and severe bronchial asthma attack. Inhale the drug regularly. It is not suitable for relieving bronchial asthma attacks. Remember that the treatment of persistent asthma also requires anti-inflammatory drugs, such as inhaled glucocorticoids, for moderate and severe asthma.
Source | Drug Guide | Lithuanian University of Health Sciences | Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology | Doctor of Medical Sciences Rimas Jankūnas, Doctor of Medical Sciences Arvydas Milašius | Clinic of Internal Diseases | Doctor of Medical Sciences Palmira Leišytė