Ipratropii bromidum
Description
Bronchodilator, inhalable M cholinoblocker drug.
Indications
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; other conditions with bronchospasm (including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma).
Contraindications
Increased sensitivity to atropine group drugs or components of the drug.
Dosage
Adults. Inhalation aerosol. Usual dose – 40 μg 3-4 times a day. Maximum daily dose – 240 μg. Inhalation solution. For maintenance of obstruction: usual dose – 0.5 mg (2 ml) up to 3-4 times a day. For relieving dyspnea – 0.5 mg (2 ml). Maximum daily dose – 2 mg.
Children. Inhalation aerosol. Up to 6 years – usual dose is 20 μg 3 times a day, 6-12 years – usual dose is 20-40 μg 3 times a day. Inhalation solution. For maintenance of obstruction: under 6 years – 0.1-0.25 mg (0.4-1 ml) 3-4 times a day, 6-12 years – 0.25 mg (1 ml) 3-4 times a day. For relieving dyspnea: under 6 years – 0.1-0.25 mg (0.4-1 ml), 6-12 years – 0.25 mg (1 ml). Maximum daily dose – 1 mg.
Adverse reactions
Most common: dry mouth, throat irritation, cough.
Others: urinary retention; constipation; eye pain and blurred vision; tachyarrhythmia; allergic reaction (skin rash, hives, angioedema, anaphylactic reaction).
Pregnancy
Risk category – BM. There is no data indicating risk to the fetus.
Breastfeeding
There are no precise data on the drug’s excretion in breast milk. It is believed that the amount of inhaled drug entering the milk is insignificant.
Warnings
Use with caution in closed-angle glaucoma, prostate hyperplasia, bladder neck obstruction, as well as in pregnant and lactating women. First inhalation should be done under medical supervision, as paradoxical bronchospasm may occur.
Source | Drug Guide | Lithuanian University of Health Sciences | Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology | Doctor of Medical Sciences Rimas Jankūnas, Doctor of Medical Sciences Arvydas Milašius | Clinic of Internal Diseases | Doctor of Medical Sciences Palmira Leišytė