Lower back pain

Lower back pain refers to discomfort in the lumbar region of the spine. It is commonly caused by muscle strain, poor posture, or lifting heavy objects. Symptoms include a dull ache, sharp pain, or muscle spasms. Pain might radiate to the buttocks or legs. Sitting, standing, or bending for long periods often worsens it. Common causes include strained muscles, herniated discs, arthritis, or spinal stenosis.

Some at-home treatments include rest, cold or heat therapy, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Physical therapy and specific exercises can strengthen back muscles and improve posture. Persistent pain lasting more than a few weeks requires medical evaluation. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRI may be used for diagnosis. Treatments might involve medications, physical therapy, or, in severe cases, surgery. Maintaining a healthy weight and practicing good ergonomics can help prevent lower back pain.

Source | Author Doctor Nikas Samuolis, reviewed by Prof. Virginijus Šapoka | Vilnius University | Faculty of Medicine | Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, and Oncology